Heritage Sabbath Materials, October 13, 2012

Anne Steele wrote this hymn, which originally consisted of six stanzas. She published it in her Poems on Subjects Chiefly Devotional in 1760. Its title was “God My Creator and Benefactor.” Anne Steele was born in 1716 or 1717 in a village near Southampton, England. Her father was a timber merchant who also was an unsalaried Baptist minister. She suffered an accident in childhood that left her a lifelong invalid, and she experienced extreme sorrow when her fiancГ© was drowned on the eve of their wedding. She was devoutly consecrated to God, however. Although she wrote poetry from her childhood onward, she did not publish until others persuaded her to do so in 1760, resulting in two volumes. In all, she wrote 144 hymns, 34 psalms, and 30 short poems, using the pen name Theodosia. She died in 1778.

The tune, “El Kader,” appeared with this text in the 1869 Seventh-day Adventist hymnal Hymns and Tunes and in subsequent Adventist hymnals. But it has not been found in any of the standard current hymnals of other churches.

In 1885, Ellen G. White made a long journey by ship across the Atlantic Ocean from America to Europe, where the Seventh-day Adventist Church had started its first overseas mission work a few years before.В  Her son W. C. White and his family went with her.В  They were going to help make that new mission work stronger, especially its publishing work.
When they reached Basel, Switzerland, the Adventist workers greeting them were anxious to show them the new press building. As they looked into the large room that served as a meeting hall, Ellen White exclaimed, "I feel that I have seen this place before."
The people there were startled. They knew that this was her first visit to Europe. How had she "seen" it before? Was she making this up to impress them? They knew about Mrs. White and her visions. They had been waiting to see for themselves what she was like and to decide what they thought of the "American Prophet," as they sometimes called her, a title she did not particularly like.
In the press room Ellen White carefully examined one of the presses. "I've seen this press before," she stated. "This room looks very familiar to me."
Two young pressmen stepped up to meet Mrs. White. Shaking hands with first one and then the other, she turned to look at the room again.
"Where is the other one?" she inquired.
The manager looked puzzled. "What other one?" he asked. Did she mean another press? What was she talking about?
"The other man," Ellen replied. "There is an older man who works here, and I have a message for him."
The manager was stunned. "I do have another man," he admitted, "but he's in town on business right now. You'll meet him tomorrow, probably."
The next day Sister White met the third man and privately gave him a message from God that she had received ten years earlier in her vision in which she had seen the Swiss press. I can imagine that he, for one, had to believe that the Lord was guiding her.
Later in the year when Mrs. White went to Oslo, Norway, she again felt that all the buildings and presses were familiar to her. She'd already seen them in vision, too!
Six years later in Australia she recognized their printing facilities, too. She even knew of some private troubles among the workers in Australia and suggested solutions to those problems. How had she known? A vision, she told them.
Why had God shown Ellen White all these publishing houses long before her visits to them? I think it was to encourage them, assuring them that God knew all about their efforts to publish His message.
Years before her trip to Europe, God had given Sister White a very important message. Jesus was coming again, and people everywhere needed to prepare their hearts and their bodies to be ready for his arrival. How could she tell everyone about it? She could only hold a few meetings a day, and people would only come to meetings just so many times. There wasn't any radio or television station where she could broadcast the message and reach many people. There was no internet, no email, no Twitter, to make communication easy and quick. But there was printing. Books and papers could be spread like "leaves of autumn" all over the world. These printed items could repeat the same message over and over, to different people.
Ellen White had received a vision from God, telling her that James, her husband, should write Bible-based articles, such as sermons and Bible studies. He should put them in a little magazine which would start very small at first, and then grow in size until it became like streams of light around the whole world.
At the time the Adventist work was just beginning, the Whites had no money to print such a paper. They hardly had enough for food. But God had told them to print. Discouraged over the lack of money, James set out to mow some hay. Maybe that would bring in enough money to print something, at least.
As he went out the door, he may have said something like, "I'll be back tonight, Ellen. Have a good supper ready. After all that mowing, I'll be starved!"
No sooner had James left than Ellen White fainted and fell on the floor. Friends revived her and then were startled to see that she was going into a vision. With her eyes open, and talking sometimes, she listened to a message from God.
A short time later when it was finished, she became aware of the familiar household furniture and knew where she was. Suddenly she remembered the message.
"Run and get James," she urged. "I saw that if he spends time mowing fields instead of getting that paper started as God has asked, he'll be struck with sickness. Get him, quickly!"
Out the door and down the road sped a man to find James on his way to the hay field. James turned around and returned home, obedient to God's call, and began to write. He had no idea where the money for printing would come from, but evidently he wasn't supposed to earn it with his work in the fields. He began to write.
When he was finished, in nearby Middletown, Connecticut, he found a printer who would trust him to pay for the printing later. Together they got out a small eight-page paper called The Present Truth. By the time the fourth issue had been mailed out to believers across the northeastern part of America, donations had come in the mail, enough so that James White was able to pay the printer.
Of course Satan did his best to stop the work. The Whites’ baby nearly died, but God healed him. James himself thought his end had come when he caught the dread disease called cholera. But God intervened. They ran out of money. Still James printed. The Present Truth later became the Review and Herald and is now the Adventist Review, our church paper that goes each week to thousands of homes.
That was all fine for adults, but didn't James White care about what children read? He certainly did. With careful planning he figured he could print another magazine for young people—The Youth's Instructor—for only three cents an issue. He urged Adventist youngsters to save their pennies and pay for their own magazines, but if they couldn't, he'd send it to them free, anyway. As the church grew, so did our papers, and today in the various languages we have papers for the church’s young children, older children, and youth—all specially written for them. Do you see how this one stream of light split into many?
In Ellen White's vision about publishing work, God told her it would be like that—streams of light that would go clear around the world. In a later vision she saw a dark, dark world. All at once a tiny light appeared, and it seemed to light another, which sparked another, until the whole world was lightened. In later years as she saw how one publishing house sparked another in a different country, and one magazine became two or three, she rejoiced that the vision was coming true. None of the foreign publishing houses she saw in her visions had even been planned when she first saw them. But God had planned them, and when she saw them in reality, they were exactly as she had been shown they would be.
Today Adventists have over 17 million baptized believers around the world and more than 60 publishing houses. Every year they send out thousands of books, magazines, and tracts in all directions, each one a tiny light. The vision God gave to Ellen White is still coming true.

Adapted from The Spirit of Prophecy Emphasis Stories, volume II, by Norma Youngberg, Fern Babcock, The Ellen G. White Estate, and The General Conference Department of Education (1980), pp. 98-103.

By Gerhard Pfandl
Associate Director, Biblical Research Institute, Retired

Introduction

Text: 1 Kings 22:1-9

In 856 B.C., there was a war between Ahab, king of Israel, and Ben-Hadad, king of Syria. Their armies “encamped opposite each other for seven days” (1 Kings 20:29). On the eighth day the battle began, and the Israelites defeated the Syrians. Ben-Hadad fled to the city of Aphek and hid in an “inner chamber” (v. 30). Eventually, he was brought before King Ahab, who felt magnanimous after his victory and made a peace treaty with him. In this peace treaty Ben-Hadad promised to return the cities that his father had taken from Ahab’s predecessor (vs. 31-34).
However, as so often happened in history, peace treaties are made only to be broken. When Ben-Hadad got back to his palace in Damascus, he forgot all about the treaty he had made with Ahab and never returned the cities to Israel as he had promised.

A Royal Banquet
          Three years later, in 853 B.C., Jehoshaphat, the king of Judah, visited Ahab, the king of Israel. The two royal houses were related through marriage. Jehoshaphat’s son Jehoram had married Athaliah, the daughter of King Ahab (2 Kings 8:18).
          On the occasion of this state visit Ahab gave a royal banquet at which he invited his royal guest to go to war with him against Ben-Hadad of Syria, who had never implemented the terms of the peace treaty. And on the spur of the moment Jehoshaphat agreed (1 Kings 22:1-4).
Now Jehoshaphat was one of the good kings in Judah. There were no good kings in the northern kingdom Israel, but there were a few good kings in the southern kingdom, and Jehoshaphat was one of them. But even good kings had weak moments, and on this occasion Jehoshaphat had a weak moment. Yet, as soon as he had said “Yes,” he realized he had made a mistake. To extricate himself from the situation he said, "Please inquire for the word of the Lord today" (v. 5). In other words, he wanted to make sure the Lord approved of this plan. It is always good to find out if the Lord is on our side. Before we start a new project or journey, we should make sure the Lord is with us.
Ahab called together his prophets, about 400 of them, and he asked them, "Shall I go against Ramoth Gilead to fight, or shall I refrain?" They answered him with one voice, "Go up, for the Lord will deliver itinto the hand of the king" (v. 6). Jehoshaphat, however, was not happy with this answer. So he asked, "Is therenot still a prophet of the Lord here, that we may inquire of Him?" (v. 7).
Why was Jehoshaphat not satisfied with the answer of the 400 prophets? First, he realized that they were not worshipers of Yahweh, the God of Israel, but most likely worshipers of Baal. Scripture tells us that Ahab had introduced Baal worship in Israel (1 Kings 16:31-33). Second, when the 400 prophets said, "Go up, for the Lord will deliver it into the hand of the king," they used the Hebrew word Adonai, which the English Bibles translate as “Lord.” Jehoshaphat, however, asked, "Is therenot still a prophet of Yahweh (Engl. “the Lord,” with “Lord” spelled in all capital letters) here, that we may inquire of Him?" He wanted to make sure that the answer came from Yahweh, the God of Israel, and not from some other source.
Confronted with this royal request, Ahab admitted that there was one prophet of Yahweh left in Israel. His name was Micaiah, the son of Imlah, but, said Ahab, “I hate him, because he does not prophesy good concerning me, but evil" (1 Kings 22:8). Knowing the story of Ahab and Jezebel, we are not surprised that the prophet of God had not much good to say about Ahab. Nevertheless, Ahab ordered that Micaiah be brought to the royal court.
When the officer of Ahab came to Micaiah, he told the prophet not to upset the king but to fall in line with the 400 prophets. He said, "Now listen, the words of the prophets with one accord encourage the king. Please, let your word be like the word of one of them, and speak encouragement" (v. 13). The prophet responded in the only way a man of God can respond: "As the Lord lives, whatever the Lord says to me, that I will speak" (v.14). This was true for Micaiah then and it is true for every minister of God today. Ministers of the Lord are not to preach what the people want to hear but what God has commissioned them to say.
When Micaiah came to Ahab, the king asked him, "Micaiah, shall we go to war against Ramoth Gilead, or shall we refrain?" And Micaiah answered him, "Go and prosper, for the Lord will deliver itinto the hand of the king!" (v. 15). Now, we would expect Ahab to be pleased with this answer. After all, this is what he wanted to hear. Yet, in verse 16 we find the king saying to Micaiah, "How many times shall I make you swear that you tell me nothing but the truth in the name of the Lord?" Why was Ahab not happy with the answer? What had happened?
          Obviously, Micaiah had spoken in such a way that the king realized this was not the message of Yahweh. Perhaps Micaiah spoke with a smirk on his face, or maybe he said it in a sarcastic or cynical voice. Whatever the case, Ahab knew that this was not God’s message. In verses 17 and 18, therefore, Micaiah gave Ahab the true message of Yahweh: "I saw all Israel scattered on the mountains, as sheep that have no shepherd. And the Lord said, ‘These have no master. Let each return to his house in peace.'" In other words, “If you go to war, Ahab, you will die.”
          Now, if I had been in Ahab’s shoes, I would have said, “Thank you very much, I’ll stay home!” But not Ahab. He thought he could outwit God. In the later verses of the chapter we are told that Ahab disguised himself as a common soldier and went into battle hoping to avoid death, but human beings cannot outwit God. In verse 34 we read that an unnamed archer in the Syrian army “drew a bow at random, and struck the king of Israel between the joints of his armor. So he said to the driver of his chariot, ‘Turn around and take me out of the battle, for I am wounded.’" A few hours later the king was dead (v. 37).

Is there a Prophet of the Lord here?
          Jehoshaphat and Ahab faced a battle. They had to make an important decision. They asked God, “Shall we go into battle?” Now, the Law of Moses was in existence at that time, and the kings knew that law, but in this particular situation they wanted specific advice. And through Micaiah God told them not to go, but they went anyway and were defeated, as the prophet had foretold.
          God’s people today face the final battle in the great controversy. Yes, we have the Scriptures, but living in the time of the end creates specific problems. So, I am asking, “Is there a prophet of the Lord here that we may inquire of him?” When there is a crisis in the church, “Is there a prophet of the Lord here that we may inquire of him” how to meet it?
          I am glad to be able to give a positive response to this question. Yes, there is a prophet of the Lord for the time of the end. How do I know? Because the Bible tells me so. Let us look at some of the Bible evidence leading us to expect the genuine prophetic gift in the last days.

The Remnant Church
Now a great sign appeared in heaven: a woman clothed with the sun, with the moon under her feet, and on her head a garland of twelve stars. Then being with child, she cried out in labor and in pain to give birth. And another sign appeared in heaven: behold, a great, fiery red dragon having seven heads and ten horns, and seven diadems on his heads. His tail drew a third of the stars of heaven and threw them to the earth. And the dragon stood before the woman who was ready to give birth, to devour her Child as soon as it was born. She bore a male Child who was to rule all nations with a rod of iron. And her Child was caught up to God and His throne. Then the woman fled into the wilderness, where she has a place prepared by God, that they should feed her there one thousand two hundred and sixty days. (Rev. 12:1-6 NKJV)

What do the symbols in this passage mean?

1. The woman is a symbol of God’s people (see Isa. 54:5, 6; 2 Cor. 11:2)
2. The dragon is Satan (vs. 9)
3. The male Child is Christ (cf. Ps. 2:9)
4. The 1,260 prophetic days refer to the period of papal supremacy from the sixth century to the end of the eighteenth century (A.D. 538-1798).

In verses 7-12 we have an interlude explaining where Satan came from. But the story continues in verses 13-17:
Now when the dragon saw that he had been cast to the earth, he persecuted the woman who gave birth to the male Child. But the woman was given two wings of a great eagle, that she might fly into the wilderness to her place, where she is nourished for a time and times and half a time, from the presence of the serpent. So the serpent spewed water out of his mouth like a flood after the woman, that he might cause her to be carried away by the flood. But the earth helped the woman, and the earth opened its mouth and swallowed up the flood which the dragon had spewed out of his mouth. And the dragon was enraged with the woman, and he went to make war with the rest of her offspring [“the remnant of her seed”—KJV], who keep the commandments of God and have the testimony of Jesus Christ.

1. Verses 13-15 describe in symbolic terms the persecution of the Christian church, first by the Roman Empire and later by the apostate Roman church.
2.  In verse 16, the earth—personified—helps the church by providing a safe haven on the newly discovered continent of America, pictured symbolically as swallowing up the persecuting armies (see Rev. 17:15). Sending armies across the Atlantic in the seventeenth century was a difficult undertaking.
3. In verse 17, we are now in a time after the 1,260 day period, i.e., in the nineteenth century. Satan, seeing that he was unable to wipe out God's faithful people, is angry with a particular group of people called “the rest of her offspring” or “the remnant of her seed”—the remnant church.

          The symbolism in verse 17 has changed. No longer is the focus on the woman—a symbol of God’s people, the invisible church throughout the ages—but on a particular group, “the rest of her offspring,” the visible remnant church. The invisible church (the woman) does not cease to exist at the end of the 1260 years (there are still many of God’s people in all Christian churches), but the focus now is on the visible remnant church of God.
          Only twice in this chapter is an offspring of the woman mentioned. The first one is the male Child in verse 5, the Messiah; the second, “the rest of her offspring,” the remnant church. Both times the offspring of the woman is clearly identified, supporting the view that “the rest of her offspring” is the visible, not the invisible, remnant church. In other words, this is not simply the true Christians in any church or no church, but the followers of God in a distinct, identifiable group.
The text gives two identifying marks, or signs, of this remnant church:

a. They keep the commandments of God
b. They have the testimony of Jesus.
What do these two marks actually mean?

Keeping the Commandments of God
          Whatever commandments we may want to include in the first mark, we must certainly include the Ten Commandments. So the first identifying sign of the remnant church is their loyalty to God's commandments—all of His commandments, including the fourth, the Sabbath commandment. In Revelation 12:17 God is saying, "At the end of time I will have a church—the remnant church—that you can recognise by the fact that they keep the commandments as I have given them in the beginning, including the Sabbath commandment." In the time of the apostles, or the early church, this would not have been a special sign, because they all kept the Sabbath; but today, when most Christians keep Sunday, the Sabbath has indeed become a distinguishing mark.

The Testimony of Jesus

The second identifying mark is "the testimony of Jesus." But what does this phrase mean? Is it a testimony that Jesus gives, or is it the testimony that every true Christian may give about Jesus? The expression "testimony of Jesus" (Greek: marturia Iesou) occurs six times in the book of Revelation (1:2, 9; 12:17; 19:10 [twice]; 20:4). We will look at some of them for an indication of what the expression means.

Revelation 1:1, 2
          The introduction to the book of Revelation sets forth the source of the book, i. e., God, and the content of the book—the revelation of Jesus Christ. In verse 2 we are told that John bore witness to "the Word of God" and "the testimony of Jesus."
          “The Word of God” is commonly understood to refer to what God says; and "the testimony of Jesus" in parallel to "the Word of God" must therefore mean the testimony that Jesus Himself gives. How did Jesus testify of Himself? While here on earth, He testified in person to the people in Palestine. After His ascension, He spoke through His prophets.

Revelation 1:9
          Before speaking in detail about his first vision, John introduces himself and states his credentials. He mentions who he is: John, "your brother"; where he is: on Patmos; why he is there: on account of "the Word of God" and "the testimony of Jesus"; and when he received the vision: "on the Lord's day."
          Again we see clearly the parallelism between the "Word of God" and "the testimony of Jesus." "The Word of God" in John's time referred to the Old Testament, and the "testimony of Jesus" to what Jesus had said in the Gospels and through His prophets such as Peter and Paul. Thus, both expressions describe the content of John's preaching, for which he was banished.

The Spirit of Prophecy
          In Revelation 19:10, therefore, we read the explanation, "For the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy." However, what is "the spirit of prophecy?" This phrase occurs only once in the Bible, only in this text. The closest parallel to it in the Bible is found in 1 Corinthians 12:8-10. There Paul refers to the Holy Spirit, who, among other spiritual gifts, gives the gift of prophecy. Later in the chapter, in verse 28, the person who receives this gift is called a prophet (see also Eph. 4:11).
          Now, just as in 1 Corinthians 12, where those who have the gift of prophecy in verse 10 are called prophets in verse 28, so in Revelation, where those who have the Spirit of prophecy in 19:10 are called prophets in 22:8, 9.
     Please note the parallelism, almost line-by-line, between 19:10 and 22:8, 9.

Both the author and the composer of this hymn were Seventh-day Adventists. Lillian Dale Avery-Stuttle (1855-1933) was a student at Battle Creek College, Michigan, in the late 1870s and become an editorial worker. Out of her deep devotion and faith she authored many beautiful poems and several books. One of her poems, “The Riven Veil,” graced the cover of the Review and Herald dated March 16, 1933, one day before her death. She expected to be one of those alive and faithful at Jesus’ second coming, and who, like Enoch, would be “translated that he should not see death” (Heb. 11:5). This hymn, based on Genesis 5:24, “And Enoch walked with God,” was her own favorite.

The tune “Morton” was composed by Edwin Barnes (1864-1930) and copyrighted by the J. E. White Publishing Company for inclusion in Hymns and Tunes in 1886. (J. E. White was James Edson White, the second son of James and Ellen G. White.) The hymn was named in honor of Eliza H. Morton, a teacher at Battle Creek College, where Barnes attended in 1881. He was also a teacher of music there, and served as chairman of its Music Department for nearly 20 years. He became well known in the wider community for his musical contributions and achievements, so that late in his life, in 1920, Hillsdale College in Michigan conferred on him the honorary Doctor of Music for his outstanding service in this field. He has one other hymn in the Seventh-day Adventist Hymnal, “O Worship the Lord,” hymn number 6.

Adapted from Wayne Hooper and Edward E. White, Companion to the Seventh-day Adventist Hymnal (Hagerstown, Md.: Review and Herald Publishing Association, 1988).